How to Avoid Spherical Aberration Defects in Optical Lenses?
Spherical aberration is one of the common aberrations in optical systems, and its formation mechanism is closely related to the spherical structure of the lens . 1. The nature of spherical aberration Spherical aberration is a type of image blur caused by the fact that when a lens surface is spherical, light rays entering at different heights (different distances from the optical axis) converge at different points, thus affecting image sharpness. Paraxial rays → focus at a farther position (closer to the theoretical focal point) Marginal rays → focus at a closer position (before the theoretical focal point) This difference in focal position can easily lead to a phenomenon where the center is sharp but the edges are blurry. 2. Physical explanation of the formation mechanism (1) Difference in refraction angle. For a spherical surface, the radius of curvature varies with position; the further from the center, the faster the surface normal changes, resulting in a larger refraction angle. (2...